Dr. Tesfaye Ayele of Slovakia, Europe was named as the International Student of the Year 2010 - 11 and presented with a Gold Medal and the International Albert Schweitzer Award in recognition of his efforts and dedication to the field of alternative and complementary medicines.

Indian Board of Alternative Medicine
80, Chowringhee Road
Calcutta - 700002
India
http://www.altmedworld.net

Peru to Odisha: Maria Laura Valdez Usseglio, a Student of IBAM

Source: The Hindu
http://www.thehindu.com/arts/dance/article3657376.ece
Date: July 19th, 2012

Ever since Maria Laura Valdez Usseglio, the first and only Odissi dance teacher from Peru, who is in Bhubaneswar for advanced training, emerged as the topper in the young Odissi talent competition held in Odisha, she has been in the limelight performing across India and winning accolades. Friday Review spoke to the dancer in Bhubaneswar.

What made you passionate about of performing arts?
I come from a family of music and arts admirers. I started playing classical piano at the age of five and had my first public performance at seven. As I grew up, I was trained to be a percussionist and a singer.

How did you develop an interest in get hooked to Odissi?
After my schooling, I joined the Faculty of Arts of the San Agustin University in Arequipa where I got many opportunities to perform with the University's Symphony Orchestra and staged a number of piano recitals across my country. Gradually, I got exposed to different arts forms and learnt Afro-Peruvian dance, Belly dance and a bit of Bharatanatyam. But it was Odissi that touched me most. I watched Odissi for the first time on a DVD and the dancer was Sujata Mohapatra, who is now my guru. I fell in love with Odissi. I dreamt to be an Odissi dancer but there were no Odissi dancer and teacher in my country then.

When did you come to Odisha land in the land of Odissi?
I came to India in 2005 when I was invited to join the Sai Symphony Orchestra. Renowned musicians from all over the world were part of the orchestra and the concert was held at Prashanti Nilayam, Puttapurty in, Andhra Pradesh. From there, I headed to Bhubaneswar to meet Sujata Mohapatra. I joined Guru Kelucharan Mohapatra’s famous Srjan dance institution as a student where I was under guidance of both Sujata and Ratikant Mohapatra. I was so happy to be a student of Odissi. I went back to Peru to obtain a student visa to stay in Bhubaneswar for longer years and Odissi.

When did you have your debut on stage?
After a year of training, I got an opportunity to have my debut dance performance as a soloist at the National Odissi Dance and Music Festival of 2007 organised in Bhubaneswar by Government of Odisha. I received a lot of praise for my performance. After that evening, I never stopped learning and performing as a soloist and in group.

How is the Odissi scene in Peru now?
Two years ago, I returned to Peru following three years of my intensive training in Odissi with the mission to make Odissi known in my country. I have been introducing this beautiful dance form to the children and the adults in my country. I was also invited to teach in Brazil recently.

Dance apart, what else in India did touch you?
I am fascinated by Indian spiritualism. Since I have a diploma in alternative medicine with specialisation in dance therapy, music therapy and aromatherapy from the Indian Board of Alternative Medicines, I love offering the benefits of these therapies to the people I come across abroad.


Indian Board of Alternative Medicines
80, Chowringhee Road
Kolkata - 700020.
India.
http://www.altmedworld.net

For a healthy and happy life - By Dr. Suresh Kumar Agarwal : Times of India, Wellness Section 17/05/2012

Published in Wellness Section of the Times of India Kolkata Edition - Dated 17/05/2012 Dr. Suresh Kumar Agarwal President Indian Board of Alternative Medicines 80, Chowringhee Road Kolkata - 700020. India. http://www.altmedworld.net Personal Website: www.drskagarwal.net

Indian Board of Alternative Medicines
80, Chowringhee Road
Kolkata - 700020.
India.

Indian Board of Alternative Medicines - Supporter of the 33rd All Bengal Women Hockey Tournament

Indian Board of Alternative Medicines - Sponsorer of the All Bengal Women's Hockey Tournament being held at the Rabindra Sarobar Stadium East Ground, Kolkata.
Hockey is the national sport of India. Bengal Hockey Association has made immense contribution to the progress of the Indian hockey. Hockey was introduced officially in West Bengal on the 27th of April in 1908. The year 1936 was a golden year for Bengal hockey as the Bengal team won the All India Championships for the first time.

The Bengal hockey fraternity has played a very vital role behind the formation of the Indian Hockey Federation. Once a hot bed of Indian hockey, Bengal has produced many international players and Olympians.

Indian Board of Alternative Medicine
80, Chowringhee Road
Kolkata - 700020.
India.

Panchakarma: The Detoxification Therapy in Ayurveda

According to Ayurvedic texts our body is crisscrossed by srotas or channels or tube like structures. This net work contains both microscopic and macroscopic channels. (Digestive system, nervous system , circulatory system etc are few examples of these channels). Innumerable physiological process like breathing, blood circulation, secretions of enzymes, hormones etc, flow of signals, supply of nutrients, filtration of toxins, excretion of waste etc are aided by these tubular structures. Diseases occur when toxins get accumulated in body and clog these channels. Unhealthy diet, lifestyle, stress, changes in environment etc lead to accumulation of toxins in body. These accumulated toxins have to be expelled out in order to keep our body healthy. Through Panchakarma therapy these toxic clogs are removed to normalize the physiological process. Hence Panchakarma therapy is called as detoxification therapy. Panchakarma therapy can be administered to a normal person to prevent diseases and keep his body healthy. The ideal season to expel toxins through this therapy, is rainy season.

Panchakarma therapy is also used as a purification therapy to cleanse the body before starting a treatment. A diseased body can be compared to a soiled cloth which can not be colored as we desire. Hence to attain the maximum benefits , the body has to be purified or cleaned before starting the treatment. The cleared channels help medicines to penetrate the deeper tissues.

The detoxification process contains three steps:

Purvakarma - Preparations which have to be done before the detoxification

Pradhanakarma - The main detoxifying process

Pashchat karma - Rehabilitating the diet and lifestyle after the detoxification process.

Purvakarma

These steps are adopted to soften the channels and toxins, so that the toxins can get detached and eliminated easily during main detoxifying process. The hard toxic clogs are made to get loosened by increasing body fire or Agni. Medicines are administered internally for this purpose. This process is called as - deepana and pachana - in Ayurveda. ( the duration of this process is 3-5 days depending on the conditions and diseases).

Later whole body is oleated internally and externally with medicated oil or ghee. This process is called as - Snehana .

Internal oleation is done by administering small quantities of medicated oil or ghee internally. The duration of internal oleation, quantity and type of medicated oil or ghee is determined by the physician after analyzing the body constitution of the patient. The patient has to eat liquid food or light food on the day prior to internal oleation. After consuming the medicated oil or ghee the patient is encouraged to sip warm water frequently. When medicated oil or ghee is completely digested, the patient is advised to consume light food.

External oleation is done after the completion of internal oleation.. The whole body or body part is massaged with medicated oil. Few types of external oleation are used as treatment methods. They are:

Abhyanga ; Massaging whole body
Lepa - Smearing medicated oil and herbs
Mardana - Kneading the body parts with fingers and fists.
Padaghata - Tampling the body with foot.
Gandusha - The mouth is filled with oil and is retained for a longer period of time.
Parisheka (Pizhichil ) - The warm medicated oil is poured continuously over the entire body for an extended period of time.
Soon after oil massage the body or body part is exposed to heat through steam bath or other heating methods according to the physician's choice. This process of exposing body to heat is called as swedana or sweating. Both snehana and swedana help to soften the channels and toxin clogs. Elimination of toxins becomes easy when channels are soft and toxins are loose.

Pradhana Karma

This is the main detoxifying process. The softened and loosened toxins are expelled from body by five methods. Considering these five major detoxifying methods the whole process is named as "Panchakarma" (Pancha = 5, Karma = process ).

Vamana (through Emesis),
Virechana (Purgation),
Niruha basthi Basthi (enema with herbal concoctions),
Anuvasana basthi (enema with medicated oil)
Nasya (nasal drops) and
Raktamokshana (Blood letting).
Physician can chose any of these detoxifying methods according to disease and prevalence of doshas.

Vamana

Vamana means expelling doshas through oral route. It is emesis therapy. Before inducing vamana the toxins and vitiated doshas are brought to amashaya or stomach with various preparatory methods like snehana and swedana. The emesis should never be induced in empty stomach. Vamana therapy is conducted in early hours of day, when kapha dosha is dominant. Vitiated doshas and accumulated toxins are expelled through methodically induced emesis. Patient is required to be relaxed calm and devoid of any mental stress through out the therapy. After emesis therapy, patient is gradually rehabilitated to regular diet and lifestyle.

Detoxification through vamana is suggested in diseases which mainly involve kapha dosha. The disorders like cough, asthama, indigestion, poisoning, repeated attacks of tonsillitis, nasal discharge, tuberculosis, etc are treated with vamana therapy. Children and elderly are not to be subjected to this therapy. The same holds good for obese and weak persons. After vamana the loud speech, overeating, continued sitting, too much walking, anger, anxiety, coitus, retention of natural urges have to be avoided.

Virechana

Virechana is expelling the vitiated doshas and toxins through purgation. This therapy can be conducted as an individual detoxification therapy or as a follow up therapy next to vamana to ensure complete detoxification. Virechana is a non painful and easiest procedure. Complications are usually very rare in this therapy. This detoxification method helps to expel toxins and vitiated doshas from blood, liver and intestines. Usual panchakarma preparatory methods like snehana and swedana are completed before inducing purgation . Virechana is induced by administering herbal purgatives in morning between 8 am to 9 am, when pitta dosha is dominant. Patient is made to drink warm water repeatedly as he passes stools. Patient is later rehabilitated to his regular diet and lifestyle.

This therapy is suggested for disorders in which pitta is prominent dosha. Skin diseases, jaundice, constipation, headache, fistula, hemorrhoids, intestinal parasites, herpes, anemia, edema are few of many diseases in which Virechana is the chosen as detoxifying therapy. Contraindications for virechana therapy are ulcerated rectum, pregnancy, obesity, diarrhea, cardiac ailments, tuberculosis, children and elderly.

Basthi Karma

Basthi karma is expelling body toxins and vitiated doshas by introduce medicated liquids or oils through anus, urethra or vaginal canal. Basthi means urinary bladder. In ancient times the enema apparatus used to be made up of urinary bladder of animals. Hence this detoxification process is called Basthi karma.

Basthi karma is mainly used in vata dominant diseases.

Basthi karma is usually performed after the first two detoxification process namely vamana and virechana or only after virechana. After completing preparatory procedures (snehana, swedana), patient is allowed to lie on his left side and medicated oil or herbal decoction is administered under hygienic conditions. Patient has to lie on his back for 10-15 minutes after basthi is given.

There are two types of Basthi - Anuvasana basthi and Niruha basthi.

Anuvasana basthi

In anuvasana basthi medicated oil is introduced through anus, immediately after the consumption of food. There will be no harm even if medicated oil remains inside colon for a long time. This type of basthi nourishes and strengthens the body.


Niruha basthi

In this type of basthi (also known as asthapana basthi) an enema of herbal decoction is given. Niruha basthi is administered in empty stomach. The administered decoction has to come out from body within 45 minutes. The expelled herbal decoction brings out toxins and vitiated doshas along with it. Anuvasana basthi and Niruhabasthi are given alternatively. Patient is advised to take bath after herbal decoction is expelled. Unlike vamana and virechana, strict diet and lifestyle rehabilitation is not required after basthi karma, as basthi do not cause irritation in digestive system. But it is necessary to take light and nourishing food.

Introducing medicated liquids and oils through urethra in men or through vagina in women, is called uttara basthi.

Basthi karma is usually recommended in

1. Diseases involving joints like arthritis, gout etc,

2. Neuro muscular problems

3. Osteoporosis

4. paralysis

5. Low back pain

6. Obesity

7. Disorders of intestines

8. Menstrual problems of women

Benefits of basthi

Basthi improves vision, decreases weight in obese people, increases weight and nourishes emaciated persons, slows down ageing process and boosts health.

Nasya karma

Nasya karma means administering drops of herbal liquid preparations or medicated oils through nose. This detoxification method is also known as Shirovirechana. Vitiated doshas and toxins which are accumulated in head and neck are expelled through nose and mouth along with nasal and oral secretions. As a preparatory procedure the head and face of patient is massaged with medicated oil (Administering medicated oil before nasya karma is not advised) and steam bath is given only to head and neck region. Patient is made to sleep on his back with foot end elevated and head reclined. The medicated liquid or oil is administered in drops to both nostrils consecutively. Patient is advised to inhale the medicine slowly. After nasya karma the patient must avoid talking loudly, getting angry and laughing.

According to the type of medicine used, the nasya karma is divided into four types. They are:

Navana Nasya : In this type drops of medicated oil is used.
Avapidana Nasya: Here squeezed juice of herbs is used.
Dhmapana or pradhamana nasya : Fine powder of herbs are made to inhale through an apparatus called 'nadi yantra' (a tube like apparatus)
Dhuma nasya : Fumes of medicinal herbs are inhaled in this type of nasya.
Nasya Karma is indicated in tonsillitis, stiff neck, stiff jaw, headache, sinusitis, stammering, hoarseness of voice etc. Nasya Karma should not be performed when patient has indigestion, consumed alcohol, taken head bath, and tiered, pregnancy.

All panchakarma or detoxification therapies have to be conducted strictly under the supervision of well experienced qualified Ayurvedic doctors.

Pashchat Karma

A strict diet and lifestyle procedure has to be followed through out Panchakarma treatment. The rehabilitative procedures to bring back the diet and lifestyle to normal are considered as 'paschat Karma'. In this stage the digestion power is brought back to normalcy. Medicines are administered to rejuvenate the body or to treat the disease.

During Panchakarma treatment the following rules have to be strictly followed.

One has to use only warm water to drink, bathe and for other activities.
Person who is undergoing Panchakarma therapy cannot indulge in sex.
Sleeping in daytime is contraindicated.
Natural urges should not be controlled.
Exposures to extreme temperatures or weather conditions have to be avoided.
Keeping awake at night is not advisable. Foods which cause indigestion can not be consumed.
Exercise and mental stress have to be avoided.

The Panchakarma therapy is not advisable for persons in whom the following conditions exist:

Menses
Lactation
Cancer of the Lungs or Testicles
Melanoma HIV or AIDS
Extreme Obesity
Lympho-Sarcoma
Hypertension
Congestive
Heart Failure
Emaciation
Any Active Infectious Disease
Pregnancy
Angina Pectoris

The benefits of Panchakarma are as follows:

Toxins are eliminated from body.
Doshas get Balanced.
Stress is reduced and body gets relaxed.
Slows ageing process and increases the lifespan.
Increases glow and luster of skin.
Boosts body immunity and body energy level.
Enhances strength, energy, vitality and mental clarity.
Reduces dependence on alcohol, tobacco and drugs.
Help to implement healthy diet and lifestyle.


Indian Board of Alternative Medicine
80, Chowringhee Road
Calcutta - 700002
India

Leucoderma (White Patches, Vitiligo) and its Management in Ayurveda

Vitiligo is a pigmentation disorder in the human skin. The human skin contains special skin cells (melanocytes) that produce the pigment melanin which colors the skin. In Vitiligo, the special skin cells (melanocytes) as well as the tissues (mucous membranes) that line the inside of the mouth, nose, genital and rectal areas, and the retina of the eyes are destroyed. As a result, white patches of skin appear on different parts of the body. The hair may also turn white that grows in areas affected by vitiligo.

What causes Vitiligo?
There are several theories regarding the cause of vitiligo (see the cause) but the actual cause is not fully known. According to one theory, people with vitiligo develop antibodies that, turn upon them and destroy their own melanocytes instead of protecting them. There is another theory according to which the melanocytes somehow attack and destroy themselves. Finally, some people with vitligo have reported that a single event such as severe sunburn or an episode of emotional distress is the main cause of this order. Scientifically, events of this nature have not been accepted as the main cause of vitiligo. These are merely coincidences.

Who is affected by vitiligo? The number of people affected by vitiligo disorder ranges from 40-50 million. It forms about 1 to 2% of people in the world. 2 to 5 million people have the disorder in the United States alone.
Vitiligo affects all races and both sexes equally and ninety-five percent of its victims are below the age of 40.

What is the association of vitiligo with autoimmune disease?
In Autoimmune diseases, a person's immune system reacts against the body's own organs or tissues. Vitiligo is found to be more common in people with certain autoimmune diseases.
Autoimmune diseases that are associated with vitiligo include: hyperthyroidism (over activity of the thyroid gland), adrenocortical insufficiency (the adrenal gland does not produce enough of the hormone corticosteroid), alopecia areata (patches of baldness), and pernicious anemia (a low level of red blood cells caused by the failure of the body to absorb vitamin B12).

Is vitiligo inherited?
Vitiligo may be hereditary in some cases. Children of vitiligo affected parents are more likely to develop vitiligo disorder. However, most children will not get vitilgo even if a parent has it. Also most people with vitiligo do not have a family history of the disorder. Large number of inherited disorders are associated with vitiligo. They include: albinism of the ocular type, autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome, congenital deafness with vitilego and achalasia, dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria, ermine phenotype, familial histiocyctic reticulosis, kabuki syndrome, and the syndrome of spastic paraparesis, vitiligo, premature graying and characteristic facies.

What are the symptoms of vitiligo?
White patches (de-pigmentation) on the skin are the foremost symbol of vitiligo. These patches are more common in sun-exposed areas, including the hands, feet, arms, face, and lips. Other common areas are the armpits and groin, and around the mouth, eyes, nostrils, navel, and genitals. Vitiligo generally appears in one of three patterns: focal pattern, segmental pattern and generalized pattern. In focal pattern, the de-pigmentation is limited to one or only a few areas. In segmental pattern, de-pigmented patches are developed on only one side of the body. But in the generalized pattern, de-pigmentation occurs on different parts of the body.
In Ayurveda, Leucoderma is known as 'shivitr' or kilaas' - Appearance of patches on skin with white or red coloration without any kind of swelling, fermentation...
Leucoderma is a skin disease also known as white patch (the development of circumscribed de-pigmentred patches). There is complete loss of melancytes from the affected patch. There may be positive family history of the disorder in those generalized leucoderma and this type is associated with auto-immune diseases such as diabetes and thyroid.

'Leuco' means 'white' and 'derma' means 'skin', thus leucoderma means abnormal whiteness of the skin. This disease is usually very difficult to treat. If the patient and the physician treat this disease for a long time with patience, it is possible to cure it. During the treatment very small blackish spots appear in the white patches. These spots keep spreading and the skin gradually becomes normal. The abnormal whiteness disappears. In this way, the disease is cured. It is not an infectious disease. Only the skin becomes white.

In terms of Ayurveda:
According to Ayurveda this disease is known as 'shivitr' or 'kilaas' - the appearance of a patche on skin with white or red coloration without any kind of swelling, fermentation, and pus formation in it. The patch of de-pigmentation of the skin is generally surrounded with normal skin. The patch might spread extensively covering the entire skin surface.Pitta is the dosha, which is responsible for occurrence of this disease. When it is increased beyond the norm it affects rakt dhatu (blood), maas dhatu (flesh), maid dhatu (fat).

Causes of Leucoderma (Vitiligo)
Why do white patches appear? So far it has not been possible to find out what causes this problem. However, there are certain things which affect the human body and can cause white patches in the skin, which spread rapidly.
When the quantity of melanin in the blood is reduced, the skin becomes white,
chronic constipation,
malfunctioning of the liver, jaundice,
ailments of the stomach,
worms,
diseases like typhoid which affect the stomach and intestines,
chronic diarrhea,
irregular food habits, indigestion,
insufficient sweating,
heredity,
excessive mental tension or worries,
syphilis,
tubercular constitution,
hurt, burn,
wearing clothes tight at the waist,
problems of the ear, teeth and throat,
meat-eating.

Leucoderma (Vitiligo) Management in Ayurveda:
Imbalance of Bhrajaka Pitta that colors the skin and can be compared to melanin causes blackening, pigmentation and discoloration of skin.

Grind five almonds and mix with 1 tsp of fresh cream and a few drops of lemon juice. Apply this paste to the face and neck. Leave on for about fifteen minutes.

Apply papaya juice, or mashed papaya to the affected areas.

Grind equal amounts of sesame seeds and turmeric in a small quantity of water, apply to the face or discolored skin.

Indian Board of Alternative Medicine
80, Chowringhee Road
Calcutta - 700002
India
http://www.altmedworld.net

Siddha System of Medicine (An Ancient Indian System of Medicine & One of the Oldest in the Universe) - An Overview

The Siddha medicine is a form of south Indian TAMIL traditional medicine and part of the trio Indian medicines - Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani. This system of medicine was popular in ancient India,Due to the antiquity of this medical system. The Siddha system of medicine is believed to be the oldest medical system in the universe. The system is believed to be developed by the Siddhars, the ancient supernatural spiritual saints of India and the Siddha system is believed to be handed over to the Siddhar by the Hindu God - Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvathi. So are the Siddhars, the followers of Lord Shiva(saivam). Siddhar's Total Nos are eighteen in them Agathiyar Is the First Siddhar.

Basics of Siddha Medicine

Generally the basic concepts of the Siddha medicine are almost similar to Ayurveda. The only difference appears to be that the Siddha medicine recognizes predominance of vatham, pitham and kapam in childhood, adulthood and old age respectively, whereas in Ayurveda it is totally reversed: kapam is dominant in childhood, vatham in old age and pitham in adults.

According to the Siddha medicine various psychological and physiological functions of the body are attributed to the combination of seven elements: first is saram (plasma) responsible for growth, development and nourishment; second is cheneer (blood) responsible for nourishing muscles, imparting colour and improving intellect; the third is ooun (muscle) responsible for shape of the body; fourth is kollzuppu (fatty tissue) responsible for oil balance and lubricating joints; fifth is enbu (bone) responsible for body structure and posture and movement; sixth is moolai (nerve) responsible for strength; and the last is sukila (semen) responsible for reproduction. Like in Ayurveda, in Siddha medicine also the physiological components of the human beings are classified as Vatha (air), Pitha (fire) and Kapha (earth and water).

Concept of Disease and Cause

When the normal equilibrium of three humors (vatha, pitha and kapha) is disturbed, disease is caused. The factors, which affect this equilibrium are environment, climatic conditions, diet, physical activities, and stress. Under normal conditions, the ratio between these three humors (vatha, pitha and kapha) is 4:2:1 respectively.

According to the Siddha medicine system diet and life style play a major role not only in health but also in curing diseases. This concept of the Siddha medicine is termed as pathya and apathya, which is essentially a list of do's and don'ts.

Treatment

The treatment in Siddha medicine is aimed at keeping the three humors in equilibrium and maintenance of seven elements. So proper diet, medicine and a disciplined regimen of life are advised for a healthy living and to restore equilibrium of humors in diseased condition. Saint Thiruvalluvar explains four requisites of successful treatment. These are the patient, the attendant, physician and medicine. When the physician is well qualified and the other agents possess the necessary qualities, even severe diseases can be cured easily. The treatment should be commenced as early as possible after assessing the course and cause of the disease. Treatment is classified into three categories: devamaruthuvum (Divine method); manuda maruthuvum (rational method); and asura maruthuvum (surgical method). In Divine method medicines like parpam, chendooram, guru, kuligai made of mercury, sulphur and pashanams are used. In the rational method, medicines made of herbs like churanam, kudineer, vadagam are used. In surgical method, incision, excision, heat application, blood letting, leech application are used.

According to therapies the treatments of Siddha medicines could be further categorized into following categories such as Purgative therapy, Emetic therapy, Fasting therapy, Steam therapy, Oleation therapy, Physical therapy, Solar therapy and Blood letting therapy, Yoga therapy, etc.

Indian Board of Alternative Medicine
80, Chowringhee Road
Calcutta - 700002
India
http://www.altmedworld.net

Indian Board of Alternative Medicines introduces Pyramid Healing Therapy Center: First Time in Eastern India

Indian Board of Alternative Medicines has introduced the first pyramid healing center in Eastern India.

It is historically evident that man knew about the beneficial effects of pyramid energy as early as 6000 years ago. The ancient Egyptians used pyramids to preserve their dead. The Mayans used the pyramid for religious ceremonies. The Vedas have references to pyramid geometry. Even temple tops and church steeples were designed in the shape of a pyramid. But why the pyramid? Scientists have focused attention on this issue for the past century. It was intriguing how flowers grew better and faster, how fruits and food products improved in taste and how dead animals did not decay for weeks within a pyramid. It was found that all life forms and all matter when placed within the pyramid structure, improved in performance, behavior and appearance. Pyramid energy has, from then on, been successfully applied in healing, as well as in relieving fatigue and tension.

Students of the Indian Board of Alternative Medicines are welcome to visit the Pyramid Healing Center and spend their time inside the pyramid doing meditation or reading books or just relaxing. It is open Monday to Saturday between 10 A.M. to 5 P.M. and on Saturdays between 10 A.M. to 3 P.M. IBAM students shall be allowed entry without any charge but please carry your student i-cards with yourselves.

Indian Board of Alternative Medicine
80, Chowringhee Road
Calcutta - 700002
India
http://www.altmedworld.net

Diabetes and its Management

Diabetes Mellitus is ailment of modern era, which is creating havoc, and its prevalence is on rise with prompt pace, because of unhealthy food habits, lack of exercises and stress. Diabetes mellitus (DM) comprises a group of common metabolic disorders where hyperglycemia is the chief symptom. It is also called protean [widespread] disease because it affects every system and organ in body. Pathologically different sort of DM prevails depending upon complex interaction of genetics, environmental factors, and life-style choices. Etiological, factors contributing to hyperglycemia may include reduced insulin secretion, decreased glucose utilization, and increased glucose production.

The knowledge of DM syndrome has existed in India since pre-historic age. Its earliest reference [1000 BC] is found in mythological form where it is said that the origin of diabetes take place by eating Havishya [charak samhita nidan sthana 11]. Havishya is a special mixture of grains offered as oblation at the time of yagyna [fire ritual] and this yagyna was organized by daksha Prajapati. DM in Ayurveda is described under the heading Prameha and clinical picture is similar to Madhumeha [one type of 20 type of Prameha]. The word Prameha is derived from the root Miha Sechane means watering, excessive urine passing [quantity and frequency]. The word Prameha means Prabhut Avil Mutrata means excessive and turbid urination. The etiology, pathogenesis symptoms [roopa and proova roopa] and even principles of management described in Ayurvedic classics, got utmost parlance to those of DM. Ayurveda describe DM as Madhumeha ,which means urine like honey or sweet urine, similarly Diabetes Mellitus is a Latin word which also means honey like sweet urine.

Classifications: DM is classified on the basis of the pathogenic process that leads to hyperglycemia, not on the basis of, earlier criteria like type of therapy or age of onset. The two broad categories of DM are type 1 and type 2. Type 1A DM results from autoimmune beta cell destruction, which leads to insulin deficiency. Individuals with type 1B DM lack immunologic markers indicative of an autoimmune destructive process of the beta cells. However, they develop insulin deficiency by unknown pathology and they are usually ketosis prone. Type 2 DM is characterized by variable degrees of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and increased glucose production. Distinct genetic and metabolic defects in insulin action and/or secretion give rise to the common phenotype of hyperglycemia in type 2 DM.

Two features of the current classification of DM are different from previous classifications. First, the terms insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are obsolete. Since many individuals with type 2 DM eventually require insulin treatment for control of glycaemia, the use of the term NIDDM generated considerable confusion. A second difference is that age is not a criterion in the classification system. Although type 1 DM most commonly develops before the age of 30, an autoimmune beta cell destructive process can develop at any age. It is estimated that between 5 and 10% of individuals who develop DM after age of 30 have type 1A DM. Likewise, type 2 DM more typically develops with increasing age, but it also occurs in children, particularly in obese adolescents.

According to Ayurvedic classifications DM is classified in Sahaja Prameha and Apthyanimitthaja which can be correlated with type 1 and type 2 DM. Similarly on the basis of management, DM is classified in to two broad categories 1) Lean Diabetic and 2) Obese Diabetic. In ancient text book of surgery Sushruta Samhita, it is described [Chikitsa Adhyaya 11:3 ] that Sahaja Prameha [congenital DM] is of krisha constitution [lean or asthenic constitution] and those of Apathya nimitthija pramehi [due to unhealthy or incorrect eating and living styles] is of sthula constitution [obese constitution], which can be correlated with type 1 and type 2 DM. In Ayurveda DM is described under the head Prameha and; Madhumeha [DM] is one of its 20 subtypes, it is also mentioned that all subtypes if not properly treated and cured eventually terminate in Madhumeha [DM] {Charak samhita Ni 4:3}. As a matter of facts all subtypes of prameha are classified according to the nature and other physical properties of urine and all of them are not similar to DM, and can be kept under different metabolic, Nephrological and other systemic ailments.

Madhumeha has got parlance with DM Syndrome. According to prognosis [sadyaasadhyata] Charak had classified Prameha in three categories 1) Sadhya or curable: this includes Kaphaja Prameha [predominance of Kapha humor], usually due to improper life style and dietary habits, and patient is usually sthula [obese]; 2) Yapya or Palliable: this includes Pittaja Prameha [predominance of pitta humor]; and 3) Asadhya [incurable]: This includes Vattaja Prameha [Predominance of Vata humor], patient is usually asthenic or lean. Charak also said that the congenital case of Prameha or one inheriting the disease from his Diabetic Parents is incurable because of genetic factor [Type 1 DM]; whatever diseases are familial are said to be incurable [ch chi :6:57]

Pathogenesis of Madhumeha [DM]

The Madhumeha can be categorized in to two broad types according to description in classical text of Ayurveda.

1 Avrita vaatjanya Madhumeha [Primary DM]

2 Dhatu kshyajanya Madhumeha [secondary DM]

Primary madhumeha [DM] : It is vaataj in nature and seemed to be fulminant from advent and can be compared with type 1 DM and advent is usually early [juvenile], usually patient is lean from the advent of ailment.

Secondary madhumeha [DM] results from the complication of all subtypes of 20 prameha and can be compared with type 2 DM

Etiology: includes excessive intake of Navanna [newly harvested Paddy] which is rich in carbohydrates,Gudavikriti [jaggery and sugar products]; Payamsi, Dahini [milk and curds], Gramya Anupa rasa [meat and flesh of aquatic and land animals] which is rich in trans fats and lipids. Other factors includes Asaya sukham [lack of exercise and sedentary life style]; savapna sukham [excessive sleeping habits]. These improper life style and dietary habits eventually leads in madhumeha ,especially to those who are prone [have family history of DM]

Clinical Features: Poorva rupa [Prodromal symptoms ]: These are the symptoms which occur prior to manifestation of disease. If in this stage we recognize the disease process by these symptoms, than it can be prevented by taking proper care of our routine and diet regimen, these poorva rupa or pre occurring prodromal symptoms are as under and they have been dealt with great details by three principle texts of Ayurveda [Vrahat Tryahi]. Because of the utmost importance in prevention of such a deadly ailment which clings to life forever: excessive sleep, fatigue, apathy, lack of pleasure, excessive growth of nails and hairs, sweet taste in mouth, dryness of palate and throat, thirst, attraction towards cold objects, greasiness and numbness, burning sensations over hand and feet, honey like urine[turbid and sweet ]. As for as modern medical view is concerned type 2 DM is preceded by a state called impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] for long period and by taking proper preventive measures like diet control and exercise can prevent or delay.

DM Symptoms and criterion for Diagnosis: The chief symptoms of DM syndrome according to Ayurveda and modern medicines are given under; although most patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are asymptomatic for years.

1.Polyuria: increased urinary output and increased frequency; in Ayurveda this symptom is termed as prabhootavila mootrata [increased output and frequency of turbid urine]

2.Polydipsia: Excessive and frequent thirst in Ayurveda it is termed as Trishna

3.Unexplained weight loss These three symptoms are called cardinal symptoms of DM, apart from this, following symptoms are also described in Ayurvedic text as valuable for diagnosing DM

4.Maduratwa in mootra [sweet urine]

5.Pani-Pada Daha: Bunning sensation over feet and palms and Lower extremity paresthesias- pins and needle sensation; other most common symptoms encountered are lethargy, fatigue, nocturnal, erectile dysfunction.
Few cases of DM remain undiagnosed and accidentally at time of routine checkups come to notice. The revised criteria for the diagnosis of DM emphasize the FPG as a reliable and convenient test for diagnosing DM in asymptomatic individuals. A random plasma glucose concentration (200 mg/dl) accompanied by classic symptoms of DM (polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss) is sufficient for the diagnosis of DM; Fasting plasma glucose of >125 mg/dl and two hour post glucose load (75g), plasma glucose levels 200 mg/dl, and confirmed by repeat test is sufficient criterion to confirm the diagnosis Treatment. The basic principle or Chikitsa Sutra according to Ayurvedic point of view is Shodhana [purification] and Shamana [suppression]

Shodhana or purification is generally done in obese diabetic with adequate body strength and requires expertise in assessment of vitiated doshas and therapy to be applied. Mismanagement would lead to more harm than any good. Hence in general practice shaman Chikitsa is prevalent and popular.

Shaman Chikitsa: [pacificatory management]: The herbs used in the management of DM syndrome are bitter, astringent, and pungent in Rasa [taste]. All herbs having these tastes are having some anti-diabetic quality. While treating DM herbs are used either individually or with combination of other herbs or mineral [yoga or composite formulae].

Single drugs [herbs]:

1- Karvellaka or karela, Bitter gourd [Momoradia charantia ] also known as bitter melon, is one herb that has proven beneficial in the treatment of diabetes. Karavella has a long history of use as an herb for diabetes in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The plant extract was referred to the as vegetable insulin. Various studies have demonstrated the potent antioxidant activity of karavella. Treatment With karavella resulted in a significant increase in various antioxidant enzyme levels in the liver and kidney of diabetic rats. The extract of karavella exerted rapid protective effects against lipid per oxidation by scavenging free radicals, thereby reducing the risk of diabetic complications. Other studies have demonstrated the blood glucose lowering activity of karavella. The effect of karavella on fasting and post-prandial (two hours after food) blood glucose levels was studied in 100 cases of moderate non-insulin dependent diabetic subjects. Drinking of an aqueous homogenized suspension of the vegetable pulp led to significant reduction of both fasting and postprandial serum glucose levels. This hypoglycemic action was observed in 86 (86%) cases.

The active components in karavella are thought to be an alkaloid memordicine, glycosides charantin and vicine, and polypeptide-p. (Polypeptide-p is an Insulin like protein Karvellaka also reduces increased lipids specially cholesterol

2- Meshshringi [Gymnema sylvestre] also called Gudmar and madhunashini: It controls hyperglycemia and carbohydrate metabolism in in liver and in skeletal muscles. It causes complete obliteration of sweet perception by tongue due to excessive copper content in leaf. The active hypoglycemic agent is gymnemic acid and two crude saponins, gymnemosides-a and gymsemoside

3-Bimbi [coccinia indica] also called Durike bel or kunduru: The root of this herb contains hypoglycemic principle, and fruit contains a bitter glycoside containing cuceubirocin B. The expressed juice of tuberous root stem and leaves is used to control glucose in DM

4-Nimba [Azadirachta indica] also called Neem: Leaves and bark of this plant is used in DM, it is very good detoxifier, Liver stimulant and lowers the glycosuria. It is also good for keeping the blood vessels healthy and thus prevent diabetic vasculopathies.

Similarly different composite drug combination is also described in Ayurvedic texts, a few of them are Abhyadi kashyam, Nyogradhi churna, Nishaamalki kashyam, Asana bilvadi kashyam, Chandra prabha vati, Pramehantak Rasa and Vasant kusumakar rasa. Author of this paper has developed a composite herbal drug combination and found it very much effective in proper management of Type -2 DM.

Indian Board of Alternative Medicine
80, Chowringhee Road
Calcutta - 700002
India
http://www.altmedworld.net

Ayurvedic Treatment of Fibromyalgia (CFS)

Fibromyalgia is a recently recognized disorder that is regarded as a chronic condition associated with the experience of non-inflammatory pain and tenderness in muscles, ligaments, joints and fatigue. Fibromyalgia is a relatively common condition, estimated to affect about four percent of the general population. It is very similar to chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS); Only point of difference is presence of musculoskeletal pain in Fibromyalgia and that of fatigue in CFS. Low level of Serotonin is considered to be most important biochemical criteria. The primary treatment goals should include raise serotonin levels, improve sleep quality, and assure adequate magnesium levels.

Symptoms

•Generalized aches or stiffness at many sites for more than three months.

•Generalized fatigue

•Chronic headache including migraines

•Sleep disorder, particularly timings of cycles

•Neuronal and psychological complaints

•Swelling

•Numbness/ tingling sensations

Ayurvedic View

It can be described as 'Mansa Dhatugat and Mansavrut Vata'. Fibromyalgia is perceived as a Vata imbalance. Vata is the main imbalance and aggravated Vata destabilizes the nervous system and can create hypersensitivity leading to pain and tenderness. Accumulation of Ama (toxins) and shrotorodha are also contributory factors.

Ayurvedic Approach of Fibromyalgia and CFS Treatment

The aggravation of Vata dosha and accumulation of Ama (toxins) are the primary causes and should be treated mainly. Associated weak digestion, constipation, and effects of chronic stress should also be tackled.

Panchakarma Therapy

Pre-purification Measures namely 'snehan' and 'swedan' are very useful to balance 'Vata' and to loosen the toxins. Snehan is the Herbalized Oil Massage. This oil is applied to the entire body with a particular type of massage. Swedan is sudation or sweating and is given immediately following the snehan. An herbal concoction may be added to the steam to further enhancement of effect. Daily herbalized oil massage also provides a deeply soothing and balancing effect to the entire nervous system. The motion of massage creates heat and friction which enhances circulation and helps cleanse the areas of chemical impurities that could be aggravating and hyper-sensitizing nerve tissues.


Diet and Nutrition

Following is the diet suggested for the patients suffering form Fibromyalgia and CFS

Vegetable juices and soups Coconut water and Coconut milk Juice of carrot, Cucumber, Beetroot Cooked vegetables like squash, zucchini and pumpkin Spices like cumin, coriander, ginger asafetida, garlic, fennel and turmeric. Green salad with a dressing of lemon juice and a little salt Khichadi (recipe made by cooking rice and mung dal, 1:1 or 1:2 proportion)

The patient of Fibromyalgia and CFS should avoid the following

Eating hot, spicy and fried foods, sweets, foods like brinjal, cabbage, Cauliflower, spinach, broccoli, okra and potatoes. Too much tea, coffee, alcohol, white sugar, yogurt, chocolate, cocoa. Sleeping during the day and staying up late at night Mental tensions like worry, anxiety, fear, stress and grief.

Yoga for Stress Management and Improved Mental and Emotional Function

It is well documented that fibromyalgia is often worsened by heightened stress, anxiety and mental fatigue. There are hormonal changes and other biochemical responses to stress that can aggravate the nervous system, and the immune response. The sleep disturbance that is often created by fibromyalgia symptoms increases fatigue which in turn increases one's susceptibility to stress which in turn aggravates the fibromyalgia condition.

Meditation,Yoga, Pranayama and studying of spiritual philosophy are all recommended for supporting personal healing and relaxation of the mind. Efforts should be made to increase the Sattvic quality of mind.

Yogasana
Various stretching exercises are known to have a positive effect on fibromyalgia. Regular practicing of sets of different postures are helpful in creating a healthy flexibility throughout the body. Yogic breathing practices will also create a state of restful alertness in mind and body. Progressive deep relaxation, i.e., shavasana (Corpse posture) brings about a relaxed state of mind which prepares the individual for meditation.

Lifestyle and Daily Routine

One of the most important factors for balancing Vata and maintaining stability in the nervous system is to have a lifestyle that does not disturb natural bodily rhythms. When we eat, sleep and exercise in constantly fluctuating and disturbing patterns, the body loses its natural balancing cycles. Therefore regularity in our daily routine can be extremely effective in reducing Vata imbalances.

Ayurvedic Herbs

•Decoction of the roots of ten herbs (Dashamularishtam) should be given in the dose of 30 ml., twice daily.

•Daily use of the Ayurvedic compound 'Triphala choorna' is recommended to cleanse the colon.

•Half a teaspoon of turmeric powder with warm water helps to reduce pain and inflammation in Fibromyalgia. Dosage: twice a day

•Garlic is useful for detoxification and to enhance immune system function.

•Guggul is a very helpful herb for relief of pain.

•Licorice root supports the glandular system and acts in the body like cortisone, but without the harmful side-effects. Caution: If overused, licorice can elevate blood pressure. Do not use this herb on a daily basis for more than seven days in a row. Avoid it if you have high blood pressure

•Ginger Tea. Ginger is a good alternative to aspirin to relieve minor aches and pains. Steep 1 teaspoon of the grated root in 8 ounces of hot water for 10 minutes. Strain. Add honey for taste, if you like. Alternatively, take 1 to 2 Grams of powdered ginger a day with food.

Indian Board of Alternative Medicine
80, Chowringhee Road
Calcutta - 700002
India
http://www.altmedworld.net